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Terrestrial very-long-baseline atom interferometry: Workshop summary

S. Abend1, B. Allard2, I. Alonso3, J. Antoniadis4, H. Araújo5, G. Arduini6, A.S. Arnold7, T. Asano8, N. Augst9, L. Badurina10,11, A. Balaž12, H. Banks13, M. Barone14, M. Barsanti15, A. Bassi16,17, B. Battelier18, C.F.A. Baynham5, Q. Beaufils19, A. Belić12, A. Beniwal10, J. Bernabeu20, F. Bertinelli6, A. Bertoldi18, I.A. Biswas21, D. Blas22, P. Boegel8, A. Bogojević12, J. Böhm1, S. Böhringer8, K. Bongs9,23, P. Bouyer24,25,26, C. Brand9, A. Brimis27,28, O. Buchmueller5,29, L. Cacciapuoti30, S. Calatroni6, B. Canuel18, C. Caprini6, A. Caramete31, L. Caramete31, M. Carlesso16,32, J. Carlton10, M. Casariego33,34, V. Charmandaris35, Y.-A. Chen36, M.L. Chiofalo37, A. Cimbri5, J. Coleman38, F.L. Constantin39, C.R. Contaldi5, Y. Cui40, E. Da Ros41, G. Davies5, E. del Pino Rosendo42, C. Deppner43, A. Derevianko44, C. de Rham5, A. De Roeck6, D. Derr45, F. Di Pumpo8, G.S. Djordjevic46, B. Döbrich47, P. Domokos48, P. Dornan5, M. Doser6, G. Drougakis27, J. Dunningham49, A. Duspayev50, S. Easo51, J. Eby52, M. Efremov9, T. Ekelof53, G. Elertas38, J. Ellis10, D. Evans5, P. Fadeev42, M. Fanì54, F. Fassi55, M. Fattori56, P. Fayet57, D. Felea31, J. Feng58, A. Friedrich8, E. Fuchs1,59, N. Gaaloul1, D. Gao60, S. Gardner61, B. Garraway49, A. Gauguet2, S. Gerlach43, M. Gersemann1, V. Gibson62, E. Giese45, G.F. Giudice6, E.P. Glasbrenner8, M. Gündoğan41, M. Haehnelt63, T. Hakulinen6, K. Hammerer1, E.T. Hanımeli64, T. Harte62, L. Hawkins38, A. Hees19, J. Heise65, V.A. Henderson41, S. Herrmann64, T.M. Hird29, J.M. Hogan66, B. Holst67, M. Holynski23, K. Hussain38, G. Janson8, P. Jeglič68, F. Jelezko8, M. Kagan69, M. Kalliokoski70, M. Kasevich66, A. Kehagias71, E. Kilian72, S. Koley73, B. Konrad9, J. Kopp6,42,74, G. Kornakov75, T. Kovachy76, M. Krutzik41, M. Kumar77, P. Kumar78, C. Lämmerzahl64, G. Landsberg79, M. Langlois80, B. Lanigan5, S. Lellouch23, B. Leone81, C. Le Poncin-Lafitte19, M. Lewicki82, B. Leykauf41, A. Lezeik1, L. Lombriser83, J.L. Lopez-Gonzalez84, E. Lopez Asamar85, C. Lopez Monjaraz86, G.G. Luciano87, M.A. Mahmoud88, A. Maleknejad6, M. Krutzik41,89, J. Marteau90, D. Massonnet91, A. Mazumdar92, C. McCabe10, M. Meister9, J. Menu93, G. Messineo94, S. Micalizio95, P. Millington96, M. Milosevic97, J. Mitchell62, M. Montero1, G.W. Morley98, J. Müller1, Ö.E. Müstecaplioğlu99, W.-T. Ni60, J. Noller72,100, S. Odžak101, D.K.L. Oi7,102, Y. Omar33,34,103, J. Pahl41, S. Paling104, S. Pandey54, G. Pappas105, V. Pareek27, E. Pasatembou5, E. Pelucchi106, F. Pereira dos Santos19, B. Piest1, I. Pikovski52,107, A. Pilaftsis96, R. Plunkett108, R. Poggiani109, M. Prevedelli110, J. Puputti111, V. Puthiya Veettil27, J. Quenby5, J. Rafelski112, S. Rajendran113, E.M. Rasel1, H. Rejeb Sfar114, S. Reynaud115, A. Richaud116, T. Rodzinka2, A. Roura9, J. Rudolph66, D.O. Sabulsky117, M.S. Safronova118, L. Santamaria119, M. Schilling43, V. Schkolnik41, W.P. Schleich8,120, D. Schlippert1, U. Schneider62, F. Schreck24, C. Schubert43, N. Schwersenz9, A. Semakin121, O. Sergijenko122, L. Shao123, I. Shipsey29, R. Singh124, A. Smerzi125, C.F. Sopuerta126, A.D.A.M. Spallicci127, P. Stefanescu31, N. Stergioulas105, J. Ströhle8, C. Struckmann1, S. Tentindo128, H. Throssell38, G.M. Tino56, J.N. Tinsley38, O. Tintareanu Mircea31, K. Tkalčec62, A.J. Tolley5, V. Tornatore129, A. Torres-Orjuela130, P. Treutlein131, A. Trombettoni16, Y.-D. Tsai132, C. Ufrecht133, S. Ulmer134, D. Valuch135, V. Vaskonen94,136,137, V. Vázquez-Aceves138, N.V. Vitanov139, C. Vogt140, W. von Klitzing27, A. Vukics48, R. Walser45, J. Wang60, N. Warburton141, A. Webber-Date38, A. Wenzlawski42, M. Werner1, J. Williams80, P. Windpassinger42, P. Wolf19, L. Woerner43, A. Xuereb142, M.E. Yahia143, E. Zambrini Cruzeiro33, M. Zarei144, M. Zhan60, L. Zhou60, J. Zupan145 and E. Zupanič68

Published in:

AVS Quantum Sci., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 024701, doi:10.1116/5.0185291 (2024).

Abstract:

This document presents a summary of the 2023 Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry Workshop hosted by CERN. The workshop brought together experts from around the world to discuss the exciting developments in large-scale atom interferometer (AI) prototypes and their potential for detecting ultralight dark matter and gravitational waves. The primary objective of the workshop was to lay the groundwork for an international TVLBAI proto-collaboration. This collaboration aims to unite researchers from different institutions to strategize and secure funding for terrestrial large-scale AI projects. The ultimate goal is to create a roadmap detailing the design and technology choices for one or more kilometer–scale detectors, which will be operational in the mid-2030s. The key sections of this report present the physics case and technical challenges, together with a comprehensive overview of the discussions at the workshop together with the main conclusions.

1 Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
2 Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, CNRS, Université Toulouse III—Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
3 Department of Industrial Engineering, Higher Polytechnic School, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
4 IFORTH Institute of Astrophysics, N. Plastira 100, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
5 Physics Department, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
6 CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
7 SUPA Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
8 Institut für Quantenphysik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
9 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Quantentechnologien, Wilhelm-Runge-Straße 10, 89081 Ulm, Germany
10 Physics Department, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
11 Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
12 Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
13 DAMTP, University of Cambridge,Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
14 Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, NCSR Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
15 Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, Pisa 56122, Italy
16 Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
17 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trieste Section, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
18 LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Universitée Bordeaux–IOGS–CNRS:UMR 5298, 1 rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
19 SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, LNE, 61 avenue de l’Observatoire 75014 Paris, France
20 Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
21 Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
22 Grup de Física Teòrica, Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain and Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
23 University of Birmingham, BirminghamB15 2TT, UK
24 Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
25 QuSoft, Science Park 123, 1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
26 Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
27 Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Institute of Electronic Structure and Lasers (IESL), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
28 ITCP, Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
29 Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road
30 European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2201AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
31 Institute of Space Science - Subsidiary of INFLPR, 409 Atomistilor Street, Bucharest, Magurele, Ilfov 077125, Romania
32 Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
33 Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, Torre Norte, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
34 Physics of Information and Quantum Technologies Group, Centro de Física e Engenharia de Materiais Avançados (CeFEMA), Portugal
35 Department of Physics, University of Crete, Greece and Institute of Astrophysics, FORTH, Greece and European University Cyprus, Cyprus
36 School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
37 Department of Physics, University of Pisa and INFN, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56126 Pisa, Italy
38 Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Merseyside L69 7ZE, UK
39 Laboratoire PhLAM, CNRS UMR 8523, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
40 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
41 Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, Berlin 12489, Germany
42 Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
43 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Satellitengeodäsie und Inertialsensorik, Callinstr. 30b, 30167 Hannover, Germany
44 Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
45 Technische Universität Darmstadt, Fachbereich Physik, Institut für Angewandte Physik, Schlossgartenstr. 7, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
46 Department of Physics, University of Nis, Serbia
47 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), München, Germany
48 HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics H-1525 Budapest, P.O. Box 49., Hungary
49 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
50 Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
51 STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell campus, Didcot OX110QX, UK
52 Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
53 FREIA Laboratory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
54 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos New Mexico 87545, USA
55 Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat, Morocco
56 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
57 Laboratoire de physique de l’ENS, Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France and CPhT, Ecole polytechnique, IPP, Palaiseau, France
58 School of Science, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
59 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
60 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
61 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
62 Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
63 Kavli Institute for Cosmology and Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
64 ZARM Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany
65 Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754, USA
66 Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
67 Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Allegaten 55, 5007 Bergen, Norway
68 Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
69 Fundamental Physics Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
70 Detector Laboratory, Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 64, Gustaf Hallstromin katu 2, Helsinki 00014, Finland
71 Physics Division, National Technical University of Athens, Athens 15780, Greece
72 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
73 Department of Physics, Gran Sasso Science Institute, viale Francesco Crispi 7, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
74 PRISMA Cluster of Excellence and Mainz Institute for Theoretical Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
75 Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warszawa, Poland
76 Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Fundamental Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
77 School of Physics and Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
78 Experimental Condensed Matter Physics Group, Ultrafast Coherent Spectroscopy Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462066, India
79 Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
80 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
81 Optoelectronics Section, Directorate of Technology, Engineering and Quality, European Space Agency, ECSAT, Fermi Avenue, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0FD, UK
82 Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
83 Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
84 Department of Mathematics and Physics, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico
85 Departamento de Física Téorica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
86 Laboratorio de Tecnologías Cuánticas, Cinvestav Unidad Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Mexico
87 Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environmental and Soil Sciences, Escola Politecninca Superior, Universidad de Lleida, Av. Jaume II, 69, 25001 Lleida, Spain
88 Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU), Fayoum University, 63514-El-Fayoum, Egypt
89 Ferdinand-Braun-Institut (FBH), Gustav-Kirchoff-Str.4, 12489 Berlin
90 Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IP2I, UMR5822, CNRS-IN2P3, Villeurbanne 69622, France
91 French Space Agency, Centre Spatial de Toulouse, 18 Avenue E. Belin, Toulouse 31400, France
92 Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
93 Institute for Theoretical Physics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
94 INFN Sezione di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
95 Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, INRIM, Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
96 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
97 Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
98 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
99 Koç University, Department of Physics, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye and TÜBITAK Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences, 41470 Gebze, Türkiye
100 Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
101 University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
102 Walton Institute for Information and Communication Systems Science, South East Technological University, Waterford X91 P20H, Ireland
103 PQI — Portuguese Quantum Institute Av. das Nações Unidas, 23 – Office D 1600-531 Lisbon, Portugal
104 Boulby Underground Laboratory, Boulby Mine, Saltburn-by-the-Sea TS13 4UZ, UK
105 Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
106 Tyndall National Institute-University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
107 Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA
108 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, POB 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
109 Dipartimento di Fisica “Enrico Fermi”, Università di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
110 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
111 Callio Lab, Kerttu Saalasti Institute, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, Oulu 90570, Finland
112 Department of Physics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
113 Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
114 Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, 239 Fronczak Hall, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
115 Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, ENS-PSL, CNRS, Paris, France
116 Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord B4-B5, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
117 Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB), CNRS: UAR3538, Avignon University, Rustrel F-84400, France
118 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
119 Italian Space Agency, Località Terlecchia snc, 75100 Matera, Italy
120 Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering (IQSE), and Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
121 Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
122 Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zabolotnoho str., 27, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine and AGH University of Krakow, Aleja Mickiewicza, 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
123 Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
124 Center for Nuclear Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
125 QSTAR, INO-CNR and LENS, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, 50125 Firenze, Italy
126 Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain and Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Edifici Nexus, Carrer del Gran Capità 2-4, despatx 201, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
127 Université d’Orléans, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, 3A Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans, France
128 High Energy Physics Group, Department of Physics, Florida State University, 513 Keen Building, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
129 Politecnico di Milano, DICA, Geodetic and Geomatics, Milano, Italy
130 TianQin Center for Gravitational Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
131 Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
132 University of California, Irvine, California 92617, USA
133 Self-Learning Systems Group, Fraunhofer IIS, Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany
134 Institute for Experimental Physics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
135 Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
136 Keemilise ja Bioloogilise Füüsika Instituut, Rävala pst. 10, 10143 Tallinn, Estonia
137 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
138 Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
139 Center for Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, Sofia University, 5 James Bourcher blvd, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
140 BIAS, Institute of Applied Beam Technology, Klagenfurther Str., 28359 Bremen, Germany
141 School of Mathematics and Statistics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland, D04 V1W8
142 Department of Physics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta MSD 2080
143 Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Institute of Applied Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
144 Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
145 Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA

Topics:

Measuring instruments, General relativity, Clocks, Electronic noise, Dark matter, Gravitational wave astronomy, Interferometry, Black holes, Virgo, Atom optics

© Author(s) 2024. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0185291

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