Roadmap on quantum nanotechnologies
A. Laucht1, F. Hohls2, N. Ubbelohde2, M.F. Gonzalez-Zalba3,4, D.J. Reilly5,6, S. Stobbe7, T. Schröder8,9, P. Scarlino10, J.V. Koski10, A. Dzurak1, C.-H. Yang1, J. Yoneda1, F. Kuemmeth11, H. Bluhm12, J. Pla13, C. Hill14, J. Salfi15, A. Oiwa16,17,18, J.T. Muhonen19, E. Verhagen20, M.D. LaHaye21,22, H.H. Kim23,24, A.W. Tsen23, D. Culcer25,26, A. Geresdi27, J.A. Mol28, V. Mohan29, P.K. Jain30,31,32,33 and J. Baugh23
Published in:
Nanotechnology, vol. 32, no. 16, pp. 162003, doi:10.1088/1361-6528/abb333 (2021).
Abstract:
Quantum phenomena are typically observable at length and time scales smaller than those of our everyday experience, often involving individual particles or excitations. The past few decades have seen a revolution in the ability to structure matter at the nanoscale, and experiments at the single particle level have become commonplace. This has opened wide new avenues for exploring and harnessing quantum mechanical effects in condensed matter. These quantum phenomena, in turn, have the potential to revolutionize the way we communicate, compute and probe the nanoscale world. Here, we review developments in key areas of quantum research in light of the nanotechnologies that enable them, with a view to what the future holds. Materials and devices with nanoscale features are used for quantum metrology and sensing, as building blocks for quantum computing, and as sources and detectors for quantum communication. They enable explorations of quantum behaviour and unconventional states in nano- and opto-mechanical systems, low-dimensional systems, molecular devices, nano-plasmonics, quantum electrodynamics, scanning tunnelling microscopy, and more. This rapidly expanding intersection of nanotechnology and quantum science/technology is mutually beneficial to both fields, laying claim to some of the most exciting scientific leaps of the last decade, with more on the horizon.
1 Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
2 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
3 Quantum Motion Technologies, Nexus, Discovery Way, Leeds, LS2 3AA, United Kingdom
4 Present address: Quantum Motion Technologies, Windsor House, Cornwall Road, Harrogate HG1 2PW, United Kingdom
5 School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
6 Microsoft Corporation, Station Q Sydney, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
7 Department of Photonics Engineering, DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark, Building 343,DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
8 Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489, Berlin, Germany
9 Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, 12489 Berlin, Germany
10 Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
11 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
12 JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, RWTH Aachen University and Forschungszentrum J lich, 52074, Aachen, Germany
13 School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
14 School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
15 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
16 The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
17 Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiative, Osaka University, 560-8531, Osaka, Japan
18 Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
19 Department of Physics and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
20 Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, 1098 XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
21 Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, United States of America
22 Present Address: United States Air Force Research Laboratory, Rome, NY 13441, United States of America
23 Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
24 School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
25 School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
26 Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, UNSW Node, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
27 QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
28 School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
29 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
30 Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
31 Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
32 Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
33 Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
Keywords:
nanotechnology, quantum phenomena, quantum computing, quantum electrodynamics
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